Frisian, Northern
Conjugate VerbsFacts
- Language: Frisian, Northern
- Alternate names: Nordfriesisch
- Language code: frr
- Language family: Indo-European, Classical Indo-European, Germanic, Northwest Germanic, West Germanic, North Sea Germanic, Anglo-Frisian, Frisian
- Number of speakers: 10000
- Vulnerability: Threatened [Read more...]
- Script: Latin
More information:
Introduction
North Frisian Dialects.
North Frisian is a minority language of Germany, spoken by about 10,000 people in North Frisia.
The closest relatives of North Frisian are the two other Frisian languages, the Saterland Frisian and the West Frisian language spoken in the northern Netherlands. Together these three form the group of Frisian languages.
Dialects
The North Frisian dialects can be grouped into two main dialectal divisions: those of the mainland and the insular dialects.
Insular North Frisian
- Sylt Frisian (Söl'ring)
- Föhr-Amrum Frisian (Fering/Öömrang)
- Heligolandic Frisian (Halunder)
Mainland North Frisian
- Wiedingharde Frisian
- Bökingharded Frisian (Mooring)
- Karrharde Frisian
- Northern Goesharder Frisian (Hoorning)
- Central Goesharder Frisian
- Southern Goesharder Frisian (extinct since 1981)
- Halligen Frisian
The verb
The North Frisian verb has:
- 2 grammatical moods: indicative and imperative;
- 2 simple tenses: present and past;
- 2 grammatical numbers: singular and plural;
- 3 grammatical persons: first person, second person, and third person.
Sample verb weese 'to be'
This sample represents the Bökingharded Frisian (Mooring) dialect.
INDICATIVE | IMPERATIVE | ||
Present | Past | ||
Sg.1 | ban | wus | - |
Sg.2 | bast | wjarst | ? |
Sg.3 | as | wus | - |
Plural | san | wjarn | ? |
Verblist
aarberi, baag, baast, bage, beskriiw, bin, bine, binj, bite, bitj, bliiw, bliwe, blä, blädje, booge, breeg, breege, breek, briange, bring, bränge, bååge, drainke, drank, dreeg, dreege, drink, drinke, du, düünj, faal, feel, ferjeese, ferjid, ferkuupe, ferlees, ferliise, ferteele, fine, finj, fliinj, flä, fraage, fraagi, freege, friis, froage, frååge, fu, fåle, füünj, greew, greewe, gripe, gunge, haa, halep, heelpe, heewe, help, hiire, hiitje, hoowe, iidj, iit, jeewe, jiiw, jooge, kaame, kem, kiike, koone, kuupe, kääre, kön, kööge, lees, let, liiwe, luup, luupe, maage, maaki, molke, mut, mååge, mölke, mötj, nem, pluuge, ridj, röp, sate, schunge, se, seede, sii, skriiw, spaale, spreege, sterew, stridj, stärwe, stönje, taatji, teenk, teew, tånke, uunkem, wale, wan, wees, weese, wel, wiis, wurd, ääse, önjfånge, öönfange.