Old Frisian

Facts

Language: Old Frisian
Alternate names:
Language code: ofs
Language family: Indo-European, Classical Indo-European, Germanic, Northwest Germanic, West Germanic, North Sea Germanic, Anglo-Frisian, Frisian
Number of speakers: Extinct
Script: Latin script

More information:

Introduction

Old Frisian was a Germanic language spoken along the North Sea coast, in southern Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands. Old Frisian was spoken from 1150 to 1550. Old Frisian evolved into Middle Frisian spoken from the 16th to the 19th century.

The Old Frisian verb

The Old Frisian verb has:

3 grammatical moods: indicative, subjunctive, and imperative;
2 simple tenses: present and preterite;
2 grammatical numbers: singular and plural;
3 grammatical persons: first person, second person, and third person.

Sample verb sîn 'to be'

	INDICATIVE		SUBJUNCTIVE		IMPERATIVE
	Present	Preterite	Present	Preterite	IMPERATIVE
Sg.1	?	?	?	?	-
Sg.2	?	?	?	?	?
Sg.3	is	was	sê	?	-
Plural	send	wêron	?	?	?

Verblist

aga, andbinda, askia, besluta, biada, bidda, bideithingia, bifestnia, bifiuchta, biforaworda, bigunga, bihefta, bihella, biliaga, biliva, binda, binima, biriuchta, bisia, biskathigia, biskera, biswera, bita, bitella, bithanka, bithekka, bitrachtia, blixenia, branga, breda, breka, brenga, bringa, briuwa, bruka, damma, davia, dela, depa, drinka, driva, dua, duan, dwa, dwan, eftergunga, efterkuma, endia, fa, festigia, festnia, finda, fiskia, fliaga, folgia, foraledza, forbitrachtia, fordrega, forfiskia, forieta, forliasa, fortera, forthfinda, forthsetta, forwerda, fregia, frostia, gan, geia, hebba, hefta, hela, helpa, hera, hwa, iechta, ielda, infiskia, inhalia, ita, ivenia, jeta, jeva, kalda, kapia, kerva, ketha, kiasa, klemma, kokia, kunna, lageria, lagia, lakia, lasta, leda, ledza, lenda, lesa, lesta, lethia, lovia, luka, luvia, makia, melka, minnia, misskera, muga, namna, nema, nera, netha, nima, nithawerpa, ofkerva, oflethia, ofnima, ofstela, onespreka, onfalla, overfiuchta, overledza, overskera, ramia, renna, resta, rinna, riuchta, rotia, runna, sanna, sannigia, seka, setta, skaria, skera, skerda, sketha, sketta, skiata, skifta, skriva, skutta, sluta, smitta, snithia, spreka, stallia, standa, stedda, steka, stela, sterva, straffia, swella, swera, swigia, swima, tasta, tera, tiona, tiuna, tohakia, tokerva, urieva, urjeta, urjeva, urkuma, urweddia, wakia, wena, werpa, wertha, wesa, willa, wirza, witherbringa, withersedza, wlemma, wringa, wunia.

References

Robinson, Orrin W.. Old English and its closest relatives. Stanford University Press. Stanford, California, 1992.