Old Gutnish
Facts
- Language: Old Gutnish
- Alternate names:
- Language code: xsweg
- Language family: Indo-European, Germanic, North, East Scandinavian (SIL classification)
- Earlier form of: Swedish
- Number of speakers: Extinct
- Script: Latin script
More information:
Introduction
Old Gutnish was the dialect of Old Norse that was spoken on the island of Gotland. It shows sufficient differences from the Old East Norse dialects Old Swedish and Old Danish that it is considered to be a separate branch. Today a modern version, Gutnish is still spoken on the south-east parts of Gotland and on the island of Fårö.
The Old Gutnish verb
Verbs were conjugated in person and number, in present and past tense, in indicative, imperative and subjunctive mood.
Verbs are divided into strong verbs and weak verbs. Strong verbs form the past tense with a vowel shift and weak verbs with a -ða/-da suffix.
Sample verb: vara
| INDICATIVE | SUBJUNCTIVE | IMPERATIVE | |||
| Present | Preterite | Present | Preterite | ||
| Sg.1 | æm | var | sē; sēi; sī; vari; væri; veri; æri | vāre | - |
| Sg.2 | æst | vart | sē; sēi; sī; vari; væri; veri; æri | vāre | ? |
| Sg.3 | ier; ir | var | sē; sēi; sī; vari; væri; veri; æri | vāre | - |
| Pl.1 | ærum | vārom | sēin; sēn; sē; varin; vari; værin; ærin | vārom | - |
| Pl.2 | ærin | vārin | sēin; sēn; sē; varin; vari; værin; ærin | vārin | - |
| Pl.3 | ieru; iru | vāro | sēin; sēn; sē; varin; vari; værin; ærin | vārin | - |